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Symptoms and Treatment of Migraine in Children

Migraine in children is one of the main causes of children experiencing headaches that often recur. The pain can even be so severe that it is difficult for children to move. So that this condition does not drag on, parents need to recognize the symptoms of migraine in children and their treatment. Migraine in children can occur in children of any age. However, this disease is more common in children aged 7-11 years. Migraines are also more common in children who have entered puberty. Migraine in children who have entered puberty is more common in adolescent girls. There are two main types of migraines in children, namely:
  • Migraine without aura. This type of migraine occurs in 60-85% of cases of migraine in children.
  • Migraine with aura. This type of migraine occurs in 15-30% of cases of migraine in children.
Aura is a sign of symptoms that indicate that a migraine is imminent. Aura symptoms usually appear 30-60 minutes before a migraine appears and can last for 20-60 minutes. The most common aura symptoms are:
  • Vision blurred suddenly.
  • Eye glare feels like there is a line or.
  • Difficulty speaking.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
Some children who experience symptoms of aura before the appearance of migraines can also feel hallucinations, body difficulty moving, or tingling.

Signs of Migraine in Children

Migraine felt by each child can vary in duration. There are children who feel migraines for several minutes, several hours, and some even feel it for several days. Some signs and symptoms of migraine in children include:
  • Pain or pain on one side of the head. Headaches that are felt are quite heavy and feel like prickling or throbbing.
  • Nausea or vomiting.
  • Stomach ache.
  • Dizziness spinning (vertigo).
  • Impaired vision, such as blurred vision or glare.
  • Tingling or numbness in certain body parts.
  • Confusion.
  • Difficult to concentrate.
Every child can show different symptoms of migraine. When a migraine occurs, stimulation of light, odor, sound, to daily activities can be disturbing or worsen migraine symptoms.

How to treat migraines in children

Treatment of migraine in children depends on how severe migraine symptoms are, how often migraines occur or recur, and what symptoms children experience when experiencing migraines. But in general, the symptoms of migraine in children can be alleviated in the following ways:

Enough rest

When experiencing migraines, children are advised to sleep in a cool, dark, and quiet room. Adequate rest is proven to help relieve migraine symptoms in children.

Taking pain medication

If the symptoms are very severe or make it difficult for the child to rest, migraines need to be treated with pain medication. To determine the type of pain medication that is suitable for migraine in children, you should consult a doctor.

Avoid stress

Stress and fatigue can make a migraine in children relapse. If the child is experiencing stress, try to calm and accompany him, so he can feel relaxed and comfortable. If necessary, take the child to a psychologist for counseling, to help him deal with stress. In addition to the above methods, migraines can also be treated with medication from a doctor. Medications commonly used to relieve pain and prevent migraine recurrence are:
  • NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).
  • Triptan drugs, such as sumatriptan.
  • Antidepressant drugs, such as amitriptyline.
  • Anticonvulsant drugs, such as topiramate, gabapentin, and valproic acid.
  • Antihypertensive drugs, such as propranolol and verapamil. Although commonly used to treat high blood pressure, this type of drug can also help prevent migraine recurrence in children.
The selection of the drugs used will be based on the condition and age of each child, their age, and whether there is improvement after the child is given drugs. Migraines in children need to be immediately examined by a pediatrician if accompanied by high fever, vomiting, convulsions, fainting, and coma. Migraines also need to be treated immediately if they are getting worse and worse, lasting more than two days, occurring more than once a week, or making it difficult for children to do activities and take lessons at school.

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